Citation Cartels and Practices
- Authorship and citation manipulation in academic research (2009)
- Citations Are the Currency of Science – Then there are the counterfeiters. (2020)
- Citation Cartels in Academic Publishing — Where Promotion Ends and Manipulation Begins (2026)
- Collusion – Academic integrity – LibGuides at La Trobe University
- Detecting citation cartels in journal networks (2021)
- Elsevier Shuts Down Its Finance Journal Citation Cartel (2026)
- Ethically Questionable Citation Practices (Office of Research Integrity)
- How to spot a “citation cartel” (2017)
- How to avoid collusion
- Journal citation cartels on the rise (updated 2015)
- Misrepresentation: Collusion
- Sharing isn’t always caring – collusion and how to avoid it (upd.2023)
- The Network of Law Reviews: Citation Cartels, Scientific Communities, and Journal Rankings (2018)
- Visualizing Citation Cartels (2016)
- Elsevier investigates hundreds of peer reviewers for manipulating citations (2019)
- Identifying Anomalous Citations for Objective Evaluation of Scholarly Article Impact (2016)
- Vendor offering citations for purchase is latest bad actor in scholarly publishing (2024)
- What is a citation cartel? (Wikipedia)
Citation Gaming and Manipulation Patterns
- Citation Cartels: A Hidden Menace in the Scientific Publication (2024)
- Citation Cartels: Manipulating the Metrics of Authors and Journals
- Citation Cartels: Understanding Their Emergence and Impact on the Academic World (2024)
- Citation Contamination: References to Predatory Journals in the Legitimate Scientific Literature (2019)
- Citation Manipulation (COPE) (2019)
- Citation manipulation: a new wave of metrics ‘gaming’? (2024)
- Citation manipulation: endemic or exceptional? (2019)
- Citation Manipulation is Unethical (2019)
- Detecting trends in academic research from a citation network using network representation learning (2018)
- Fighting Citation Pollution – The Challenge of Detecting Fraudulent Journals in Works Cited (2019)
- Five Types of Citation Gaming: Data-Driven Taxonomy for Research Integrity and Academic Fraud (2026)
- How Citation Manipulation Is Corrupting Research—and What Scholars Can Do to Stop It (2024)
- The Citation Cartel Epidemic (2025) (ASAI)
- The Dark World of ‘Citation Cartels’ (2024)
- Toward the Discovery of Citation Cartels in Citation Networks (2016)
Journal mismanagement and challenges
- Academic integrity in the time of contradictions (2023)
- Navigating Research Ethics: Strategies for Preventing and Addressing Research Misconduct (2024)
- Megajournal mismanagement: Manuscript decision bias and anomalous editor activity at PLOS ONE (2019)
- On Good and Bad Intentions behind Anomalous Citation Patterns among Journals in Computer Sciences (2018)
- Scientific journals must be alert to potential manipulation in citations and referencing (2022)
- Top tips on identifying citation misconduct
- Universities Must Unite in Fighting the Academic Publishing Cartels (2025)
- When Peer Reviewers Go Rogue – Estimated Prevalence of Citation Manipulation by Reviewers Based on the Citation Patterns of 69,000 Reviewers
- When scientific citations go rogue: Uncovering ‘sneaked references’ (2024)
- Why the Academic Publishing Cartel Must Be Challenged (2025)
- 8 No-Cost Ways to Mitigate Academic Misconduct in Higher Education (2024)
Self-citation, Stacking and Citation Abuse
- A Large-Scale Analysis of Impact Factor Biased Journal Self-Citations
- A quantitative and qualitative open citation analysis of retracted articles in the humanities (2022)
- Citation issues cost these 20 journals their impact factors this year (2025)
- Citation Manipulation (University of South Carolina)
- Citation manipulation through citation mills and pre-print servers (2025)
- From Excessive Journal Self-Cites to Citation Stacking: Analysis of Journal Self-Citation Kinetics in Search for Journals, Which Boost Their Scientometric Indicators (2016)
- Hundreds of extreme self-citing scientists revealed in new database (2019)
- The increasing dominance of repeated citations from collaborative research groups in science (2025)
- Unmasking and Combating Publishing Malpractices 2: Citation Manipulation (2024)
Citation of Retracted Works
- Continued use of retracted papers: Temporal trends in citations and (lack of) awareness of retractions shown in citation contexts in biomedicine (2021)
- Does retraction after misconduct have an impact on citations? A pre–post study (2020)
- Reasons for citing retracted literature are not straightforward, and solutions are complex (2020)
- Self-citation pattern among world’s top 2 % of the scientists (2025)
- Retraction, PubPeer & Authorship Guide: Citing Retracted Literature
- The Citation of Retracted Papers and Impact on the Integrity of the Scientific Biomedical Literature (2025)
- The science of retraction (2002)
- Why do some retracted articles continue to get cited? (2024)
AI and citation manipulation
- Academic cheating with generative AI: Exploring a moral extension of the theory of planned behavior (2025)
- Academic Fraud in the Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI)
- for Faculty Promotion and Tenure (2025)
- Academic integrity in the age of AI: challenges and strategies for African higher education (2025)
- Academic Dishonesty in the Age of Ai: Connecting Student
- Academic misconduct and artificial intelligence use by medical students, interns and PhD students in Ukraine: a cross-sectional study (2025)
- AI-Based Digital Cheating At University, and the Case for New Ethical Pedagogies (2025)
- Generative Ai Use and the Fraud Triangle Within Health Professions Education (2024)
- Hallucinated citations produced by generative artificial intelligence may constitute research misconduct when citations function as data in scholarly papers (2026)
- HalluCitation Matters: Revealing the Impact of Hallucinated References with 300 Hallucinated Papers in ACL Conferences (2026)
- People Are More Likely to Cheat When They Use AI (2025)
- Reassessing academic integrity in the age of AI: A systematic literature review on AI and academic integrity (2025)
- 20 Fake Citations Slip Past Peer Review: AI ‘Hallucinations’ Expose Crisis in Academic Publishing (2025)
Systematic Manipulation and Peer Review Fraud
- Academic Publishing’s Systematic Fraud: Legal Remedies for a Corrupted Enterprise (2025)
- Citation cartels, ghost writing and fake peer-review: …(2025)
- Fighting the problem of fraud in publishing (2023)
- How to recognise potential manipulation of the peer review process (2025)
- Peer Review Fraud: The Dark Side of Scientific Publishing (2026)
- Rethinking peer review in the AI era with responsibility and transparency (2025)
- Retractions, Fake Peer Reviews, and Paper Mills (2021)
- Preventing fraud in biomedical research (2022)
- Scholarly Publishing, Boundary Processes, and the Problem of Fake Peer Reviews (2024)
- Systematic manipulation of the publication process (2024)
- The entities enabling scientific fraud at scale are large, resilient, and growing rapidly (2024)
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